जेम्स वेब स्पेस टेलिस्कोप (JWST), को ठाउँ observatory designed to conduct infrared astronomy and launched successfully on 25 December 2021 will enable two research teams to study earliest galaxies in the ब्रह्माण्डको. The research teams will use JWST’s powerful instruments (NIRISS, NIRCam and NIRSpec) to capture and characterize some of the earliest galaxies.
The Next Generation Deep Extragalactic Exploratory Public (NGDEEP) Survey will target हबल Ultra Deep Field by pointing telescope’s Near-Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) on the primary हबल Ultra Deep Field and Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) on the parallel field. The two instruments NIRISS and NIRCam will capture infrared light (redshifted due to expansion of ब्रह्माण्डको). The data will be released immediately to benefit the researchers.
NGDEEP team will also identify metal elements in the early galaxies especially in smaller and dimmer ones that haven’t yet been thoroughly studied so far. Study of metal contents of galaxies is standard way to trace evolution across cosmic time. There were only hydrogen and helium in the beginning of the ब्रह्माण्डको. New elements were formed by successive generations of तारा. Studying metal contents of galaxies will help to plot out precisely when various elements existed and update models that project how galaxies evolved in the early ब्रह्माण्डको.
The other research team will examine the primary हबल Ultra Deep Field using the microshutter array within the telescope’s Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec). This will provide first large sample of earliest galaxies that existed in the early ब्रह्माण्डको enabling researchers to understand them in detail.
The story of study of प्रारम्भिक ब्रह्माण्ड began in 1995 with the decision to focus हबल स्पेस Telescope (HST) on nothing in the hitherto unexplored field in the sky. हबल captured about 3000 images of galaxies at different stages of stellar evolution. Better known as हबल Deep Field, these images were first pictures of early galaxies and revolutionised the field of astronomy.
As a successor of हबल ठाउँ telescope (HST), जेम्स वेब स्पेस टेलिस्कोप (JWST) is carrying forward the हबल प्रारम्भिक अध्ययनको क्षेत्रमा टेलिस्कोपको विरासत ब्रह्माण्डको. Webb telescope aims to search for light from the first तारा and galaxies that formed in the ब्रह्मांड after the Big Bang to study the formation and evolution of galaxies, to understand the formation of तारा र ग्रह systems and to study ग्रह systems and the origins of life.
प्रारम्भिक ब्रह्माण्डको in the first several hundred million years after the big bang was a very different place. It was semi-opaque. This is when the first galaxies in the ब्रह्माण्डको were beginning to form. Many distant galaxies have been spotted by the telescopes but none earlier than 400 million years after the big bang. What were galaxies that existed even earlier like? The above mentioned, two research teams will answer just this by revealing details of the earliest chapters of आकाशगंगा विकास
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स्रोत:
- NASA 2022। NASA को Webb to uncover Riches of the Early Universe, प्रकाशित 22 June 2022। मा अनलाइन उपलब्ध छ। https://webbtelescope.org/contents/news-releases/2022/news-2022-015.html 23 जुन 2022 मा पहुँच गरिएको।
- प्रसाद यू., २०२१. जेम्स वेब स्पेस टेलिस्कोप (JWST): प्रारम्भिक ब्रह्माण्डको अध्ययनलाई समर्पित पहिलो अन्तरिक्ष वेधशाला। वैज्ञानिक युरोपेली। ६ नोभेम्बर २०२१ मा प्रकाशित। अनलाइनमा उपलब्ध छ http://scientificeuropean.co.uk/sciences/space/james-webb-space-telescope-jwst-the-first-space-observatory-dedicated-to-the-study-of-early-universe/
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